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Record 1 of 42
| Record #: | 376 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | all-trans retinoic acid (302-79-4) |
| Salt: | AgTFA |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | N/A |
Guttman, C.M.; Wetzel, S.J.; Flynn, C.M.; Fanconi, B.M.; VanderHart, D.L.; Wallace, W.E., Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Interlaboratory Comparison of Mixtures of Polystyrene with Different End Groups: Statistical Analysis of Mass Fractions and Mass Moments, Analytical Chemistry, 77, 14, 2005, 4539-4548.
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Record 2 of 42
| Record #: | 559 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | dithranol (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoracetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | 1,8-dihydroxy-9(10H)-anthracenone (dithranol), antioxidant-free tetrahydrofuran (THF), and silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) were used without further purification. |
Nagahata, R.; Shimada, K.; Kishine, K.; Sato, H.; Matsuyama, S.; Togashi, H.; Kinugasa, S., Interlaboratory Comparison of Average Molecular Mass and Molecular Mass Distribution of a Polystyrene Reference Material Determined by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry, International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 263, 2-3, 2007, 213-221.
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Record 3 of 42
| Record #: | 21 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)azo]benzoic acid (HABA) (1634-82-8) |
| Salt: | N/A |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | 100 pmol of polymer and 300 nmol of matrix are deposited on probe tip. |
Montaudo, G.; Montaudo, M.S.; Puglisi, C.; Samperi, F., Characterization of Polymers by Matrix-Assisted Laser-Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass-Spectrometry - Molecular-Weight Estimates in Samples of Varying Polydispersity, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 9, 5, 1995, 453-460.
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Record 4 of 42
| Record #: | 145 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | all-trans retinoic acid (302-79-4) |
| Salt: | AgTFA |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | 5 mg/mL polystyrene in THF; 75 mg/mL retinoic acid in THF; 5 mg/mL AgTFA in THF; mix solutions by volume 1:10:1 PS:retinoic acid:AgTFA |
Guttman, C.M.; Wetzel, S.J.; Blair, W.R.; Fanconi, B.M.; Girard, J.E.; Goldschmidt, R.J.; Wallace, W.E.; VanderHart, D.L., NIST-Sponsored Interlaboratory Comparison of Polystyrene Molecular Mass Distribution Obtained by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: Statistical Analysis, Analytical Chemistry, 73, 6, 2001, 1252-1262.
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Record 5 of 42
| Record #: | 997 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | dithranol (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoracetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | A matrix solution of dithranol (20 mg/mL), polymer (10 mg/mL), and cationizing salt of silver trifluoroacetate (10 mg/mL) in THF was mixed in the ratio of matrix:cationizing salt:polymer = 10:1:2, and 0.8 μL of mixed solution was deposited on the sample holder. |
Zhang, Y.N.; Wang, G.W.; Huang, J.L., Synthesis of Macrocyclic Poly(Ethylene Oxide) and Polystyrene via Glaser Coupling Reaction, Macromolecules, 43, 24, 2010, 10343-10347.
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Record 6 of 42
| Record #: | 828 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | retinoic acid (302-79-4) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | toluene (electrospray MALDI sample prep.) |
| Recipe | All samples were deposited onto the MALDI sample target by electrospray to increase signal repeatability and reduce “hot spots”... Electrospray sample preparation was found to be essential for experimental stability and reproducibility. The samples were electrosprayed using a voltage of 5 kV and a flow rate of 5 μL/min. The target was placed (4.0 ± 0.2) cm from the tip of a 100 μL glass syringe with a blunt stainless steel needle (o.d. 0.5 mm, i.d. 0.2 mm). Electrosprayed films on the order of several micrometers thick were made to avoid depletion of the target during laser ablation. The target was divided in half-by placing Teflon film across one side. The right half of the target was electrosprayed with RA and AgTFA only (no polymer) to be used in the creation of background spectra. Reversing the film, the left half of the target was electrosprayed with polystyrene mixture, RA, and AgTFA in a 6:50:6 mass ratio. |
Guttman, C.M.; Flynn, K.M.; Wallace, W.E.; Kearsley, A.J., Quantitative Mass Spectrometry and Polydisperse Materials: Creation of an Absolute Molecular Mass Distribution Polymer Standard, Macromolecules, 42, 5, 2009, 1695-1702.
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Record 7 of 42
| Record #: | 44 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 1,8,9-Anthracenetriol (dithranol) (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | silver(I) trifluoroacetate |
| Solvent: | chloroform, acetone |
| Recipe | Approximately equimolar mixture of salt and matrix, dissolved in methanol, is subjected to 30 min. of ultrasonication. Mixture is filtered (0.02 µm), and filtrate is dried. Varying weight ratios of salt/matrix mixture and pure matrix from 10:0 to 1:10 are used as matrix in THF at a concentration of 0.2 M. Matrix is then mixed in 5:1 v/v ratio with polymer solution (1x10-4). 1-2 µL is applied to probe and dried. |
Belu, A.M.; DeSimone, J.M.; Linton, R.W.; Lange, G.W.; Friedman, R.M., Evaluation of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Polymer Characterization, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 7, 1, 1996, 11-24.
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Record 8 of 42
| Record #: | 352 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 1,1,4,4-tetraphenylbutadiene (TPB) (1450-63-1) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | As the matrix, 1,1,4,4-tetraphenylbutadiene (TPB) was used without further purification, since it provides clear MALDI spectra with minimum silver cluster interference.21 In addition, silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) was used as the cationization salt. The matrix solution (10 mg/min in tetrahydrofuran (THF)) and the cationization salt solution (1 mg/min in THF) were mixed at a ratio of 5:1. One microliter of the matrix solution containing the cationization salt was added to the vial containing fractionated samples, and then 0.5 µL of the sample/matrix solution was spotted onto the MALDI sample plate. |
Sato, H.; Ichieda, N.; Tao, H.; Ohtani, H., Data Processing Method for the Determination of Accurate Molecular Weight Distribution of Polymers by SEC/MALDI-MS, Analytical Sciences, 20, 9, 2004, 1289-1294.
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Record 9 of 42
| Record #: | 560 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | dithranol (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA); lithium trifluoroacetate (LiTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | By the mixing of THF solutions of PS (10 mg mL−1), silver trifluoroacetate (10 mg mL−1), and dithranol as a matrix (20 mg mL−1) in a ratio of 2:1:2 (matrix/cation/polymer). In a similar manner, PMMA and PMMA-d8 were prepared for analysis, except that lithium trifluoroacetate was the cation source and the ratio (matrix/cation/polymer) was 20:1:20 by volume |
Wyzgoski, F.J.; Polce, M.J.; Wesdemiotis, C.; Arnould, M.A., Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Investigations of Polystyrene and Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Produced by Monoacylphosphine Oxide Photoinitiation, Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 45, 11, 2007, 2161-2171.
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Record 10 of 42
| Record #: | 43 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | trans-Retinoic acid (302-79-4) |
| Salt: | silver(I) nitrate |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | Dissolve polymer (5g/L)in 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether as matrix and silver salt at 5 g/L. 500 ng of polymer is used for a single preparation. |
Schriemer, D.C.; Li, L., Detection of High Molecular Weight Narrow Polydisperse Polymers Up to 1.5 Million Daltons by MALDI Mass Spectrometry, Analytical Chemistry, 68, 17, 1996, 2721-2725.
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Record 11 of 42
| Record #: | 713 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | zinc oxide (ZnO) (1314-13-2) |
| Salt: | N/A |
| Solvent: | N/A |
| Recipe | Each 0.6 µl of the ZnO dispersed solution and analyte solutions were placed on a stainless-steel sample target and dried at room temperature. NaI (0.1 mM) was added to all sample solutions as cationizing agent. The optimum [ZnO nanoparticle] density ρ was found to be approximately 0.2 µg/mm2. |
Watanabe, T.; Kawasaki, H.; Yonezawa, T.; Arakawa, R., Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (Saldi-MS) of Low Molecular Weight Organic Compounds and Synthetic Polymers Using Zinc Oxide (Zno) Nanoparticles, Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 43, 8, 2008, 1063-1071.
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Record 12 of 42
| Record #: | 12 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | trans-3-Indoleacrylic acid (29953-71-7) |
| Salt: | N/A |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | Equimolar solution of Ag salt and matrix in methanol is subjected to 30 min ultrasonication. The Ag salt has low solubility in methanol so the solution is filtered with a 0.02 µm filter and the filtrate dried. Varying weight ratios of Ag salt /matrix mixture and matrix from 10:0 to 1:10 are added to THF to achieve concentration of 0.2 M. This matrix solution is mixed in a 5:1 v/v ratio with polymer solution( 10-4 M in THF except for 125 ku PS which was at 10-5 M) and 1-2 µL of mixture is applied to probe with a Wiretrol glass micropipette and dried at ambient conditions. |
Danis, P.O.; Karr D.E., A Facile Sample Preparation for the Analysis of Synthetic Organic Polymers by Matrix-Assisted Laser-Desorption Ionization, Organic Mass Spectrometry, 28, 8, 1993, 923-925.
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Record 13 of 42
| Record #: | 1121 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | trans-2-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenylidene]malononitrile (300364-84-5) |
| Salt: | KI |
| Solvent: | methanol |
| Recipe | For MALDI-MS analysis of untreated polymers, PEO or PBA solutions (4.0 mg mL−1 in THF) were mixed with DCTB (11.1 mg mL−1 in THF) and NaI (0.5 mg mL−1 in methanol) or KI (0.5 mg mL−1 in methanol) at a matrix/polymer/salt molar ratio of 2000:1:100. PS solutions (4.0 mg mL−1 in THF) were mixed with DCTB (11.1 mg mL−1 in THF) and AgTFA (10.1 mg mL−1 in THF) at a matrix/polymer/salt molar ratio of 1000:1:100. MALDI samples were prepared using the dried droplet method, where a 1 μL aliquot of the liquid mixture was deposited onto the sample plate and allowed to air-dry. |
Barrere, C.; Chendo, C.; Phan, T.N.T.; Monnier, V.; Trimaille, T.; Humbel, S.; Viel, S.; Gigmes, D.; Charles, L., Successful MALDI-MS Analysis of Synthetic Polymers with Labile End-Groups: the Case of Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization Using the Mama-Sg1 Alkoxyamine, Chemistry-A European Journal, 18, 25, 2012, 7916-7924.
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Record 14 of 42
| Record #: | 1180 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | 9-nitroanthracene (602-60-8) α-cyano 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (28166-41-8) dithranol (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | NaI, NaTFA, AgTFA |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | For all PCL polymers, THF stock solutions of 9-nitroanthracene as the matrix (20 mg mL−1) and NaI as the counterion (10 mg mL−1) were used. The polymer sample was prepared at a 2 mg mL−1 concentration in THF. MALDI samples were prepared by combining 50 μL of polymer solution, 100 μL of counterion solution, and 200 μL of matrix solution. For all PEG polymers, THF stock solutions of alpha-cyano 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (20 mg mL−1) and sodium trifluoroacetate as the counterion (1 mg mL−1) were used. The polymer sample was prepared at a 2 mg mL−1 concentration in THF. MALDI samples were prepared by combining 20 μL of polymer solution, 0.5 μL of counterion solution, and 10 μL of matrix solution. For all PSt polymers, THF stock solutions of dithranol (20 mg mL−1) and silver trifluoroacetate as the counterion (1 mg mL−1) were used. The polymer sample was prepared at a 2 mg mL−1 concentration in THF. MALDI samples were prepared by combining 20 μL of polymer solution, 0.5 μL of counterion solution, and 10 μL of matrix solution. |
Li, Y.J.; Zhang, B.Y.; Hoskins, J.N.; Grayson, S.M., Synthesis, Purification, and Characterization of "Perfect" Star Polymers via "Click" Coupling, Journal of Polymer Science Part A-Polymer Chemistry, 50, 6, 2012, 1086-1101.
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Record 15 of 42
| Record #: | 558 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | 1,8-dihydroxy-9(10H)-anthracenone (dithranol) (1143-38-0) α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (28166-41-8) 2-(4-hydroxyphenylazo)benzoic acid (1634-82-8) |
| Salt: | none |
| Solvent: | N/A |
| Recipe | MALDI-TOF-MS was performed ... using 1,8-dihydroxy-9(10H)-anthracenone (dithranol), α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, or 2-(4-hydroxyphenylazo)benzoic acid as a matrix in the absence of cationic agents . |
Zhou, G.; Harruna, I.I., Interpretation of Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain-Transfer Polymerization Mechanism by MALDI-TOF-MS, Analytical Chemistry, 79, 7, 2007, 2722-2727.
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Record 16 of 42
| Record #: | 562 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 2-Amino-3-nitrophenol (603-85-0) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoracetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF), MeOH |
| Recipe | Matrix: 2-Amino-3-nitrophenol. Salt: silver trifluoroacetylacetonate (AgTFA). Polystyrene was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) used in a VIS-MALDI. AgTFA was used as cationization agent for polystyrene, and was prepared at ∼100 mg/mL in methanol. The volumetric mixing ratio of silver salt to matrix was 50/100. |
Chen, L.C.; Asakawa, D.; Hori, H.; Hiraoka, K., Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Using a Visible Laser, Rapid Communications In Mass Spectrometry, 21, 24, 2007, 4129-4134.
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Record 17 of 42
| Record #: | 143 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | dithranol (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | Copper (I) chloride |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | PS, dissolved in THF, is added to the matrices at a molar ratio of approximately 1:2x10-2. An excess of the salt is added, and the samples are then crystallized on the target. |
Keki, S.; Deak, G.; Zsuga, M., Copper(I) Chloride: A Simple Salt for Enhancement of Polystyrene Cationization in Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 15, 9, 2001, 675-678.
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Record 18 of 42
| Record #: | 45 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 1,8,9-Anthracenetriol (dithranol) (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | silver(I) trifluoroacetate |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | Polymer is dissolved in dry THF to produce solutions ranging in concentration from 5 to 50 mg/mL. The matrix is dissolved in THF to produce 0.15 M solution. A saturated solution of the silver salt in ethanol is prepared. Analyte solution is added to matrix solution followed by salt solution a ratio of 1 µL salt solution to 100 µL matrix/analyte solution. The concentration of polymer in final solution ranged from 0.5 nM (higher molecular weight samples) to 50 µM (lower molecular weight samples). After mixing, 0.3-0.5 µL of the mixture is added to probe tip and allowed to air-dry. |
Schweer, J.; Sarnecki, J.; Mayer-Posner, F.; Müllen, K.; Räder, H.J.; Spickermann, J., Pulsed-Laser Polymerization/Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry: An Approach Toward Free-Radical Propagation Rate Coefficients of Ultimate Accuracy?, Macromolecules, 29, 13, 1996, 4536-4543.
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Record 19 of 42
| Record #: | 348 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | nicotinic acid (59-67-6) 2,5-dihydroxy-p-benzoquinone (DHBQ) (615-94-1) 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) (490-79-9) α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) (28166-41-8) sinapinic acid (SA) (530-59-6) nor-harmane (244-63-3) 2',4',6'-trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) (480-66-0) trans-indoleacrylic acid (IAA) (29953-71-7) 2-(4-Hydroxyphenlyazo)benzoic acid (1634-82-8) |
| Salt: | sodium trifluoroacetate (NaTFA), silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | Polymer samples for MALDI analysis were prepared at a concentration of 0.5-0.6 mM in THF. The matrix solutions were prepared at a concentration of 60-70 mM in THF. The cationization reagent, sodium trifluoroacetate (NaTFA) for PEG and PMMA, was prepared at 0.7 mM in THF. The cationization reagent silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) for PS, was prepared at 0.9 mM in THF. The samples were prepared by mixing the polymer solution with matrix solution and cationization reagent solution at a volume ratio of 1:9:1, resulting in an effective matrix/analyte mole ratio in the range of 1000:1-1200:1. A 0.5 µL aliquot of the mixture was deposited on a sample plate and allowed to air-dry. |
Hoteling, A.J.; Erb, W.J.; Tyson, R.J.; Owens, K.G., Exploring the Importance of the Relative Solubility of Matrix and Analyte in MALDI Sample Preparation Using HPLC, Analytical Chemistry, 76, 17, 2004, 5157.
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Record 20 of 42
| Record #: | 993 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | 2-[(2E)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methylpropenylidene]malononitrile (DCTB) (300364-84-5) 2',6'-dihydroxyacetophenone (DHAP) (699-83-2) 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) (490-79-9) 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone (DHBQ) (615-94-1) trans,trans-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene (DPBD) (538-81-8) dithranol (1143-38-0) nicotinic acid (NA) (59-67-6) 2',4',6'-trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) (480-66-0) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoroacetate, lithium trifluoroacetate, copper (II) trifluoroacetate |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone |
| Recipe | Polymer solutions were prepared at a concentration of 5 mg/mL, matrix solutions at a concentration of 10 mg/mL, cationization reagent solutions at a concentration of 0.1 mol/L. According to Table 1, the solutions were mixed in the given volume mixing ratios. A 1 L aliquot of the solution was hand-spotted on a stainless steel target and allowed to dry by air. |
Brandt, H.; Ehmann, T.; Otto, M., Investigating the Effect of Mixing Ratio on Molar Mass Distributions of Synthetic Polymers Determined by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Using Design of Experiments, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 21, 11, 2010, 1870-1875.
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Record 21 of 42
| Record #: | 1170 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 1,8-dihydroxy-9(10H)-anthracenone (dithranol) (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | AgTFA |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | Polymer solutions were prepared in THF at a concentration of 5 mg/mL. The matrix, 1,8-dihydroxy-9(10H)-anthracenone (dithranol, 97%), was dissolved in THF at a concentration of 20 mg/mL. A 5 μL aliquot of the polymer solution was mixed with 50 μL of the matrix solution and 1.5 μL of a silver trifluoroacetate (Aldrich, 98%) solution (1 mg/mL) in THF. |
Kumar, S.; Shah, P.N.; Ahn, S.; Hwang, W.S.; Sung, I.K.; Shah, S.R.; Murthy, C.N.; Chang, T.; Lee, J.S., Mechanistic Pathway for the Formation of Radial Polystyrenes Using Diacyl Chloride, Macromolecules, 45, 6, 2012, 2675-2681.
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Record 22 of 42
| Record #: | 830 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene (TPB) (1450-63-1) retinoic acid (RA) (302-79-4) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoracetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | Polystyrene 5 mg/mL polystyrene, 45 mg/mL TPB, 5 mg/mL AgTFA, or PS 5 mg/mL , 40 mg/mL RA, 5 mg/mL AgTFA. Samples were deposited onto MALDI targets using an Eppendorf 0.1–2.5 μL micropipettor (MP) in sizes ranging 100–500 nL, or a nanoliter Induction Based Fluidics (IBF) device in sizes ranging 100–500 nL, or a KDS-100 single syringe basic infusion pump (SP) (Holliston, MA) size of 100 nL. |
Hilker, B.; Clifford, K.J.; Sauter, A.D.; Sauter, A.D.; Gauthier, T.; Harmon, J.P., Electric Field Enhanced Sample Preparation for Synthetic Polymer MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry via Induction Based Fluidics (IBF), Polymer, 50, 4, 2009, 1015-1024.
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Record 23 of 42
| Record #: | 992 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | dithranol (1143-38-0) α-cyano-4-hydroxy cinnamic acid (28166-41-8) |
| Salt: | sodium trifluoroacetate (NaTFA), silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | Polystyrene samples were prepared by mixing 25 µl of a 1 mM THF solution of the polymer with 100 µl of a 10 mM THF solution of the matrix, either dithranol or α-cyano-4-hydroxy cinnamic acid, and 10 µl of a 10 mM THF solution of the counterion source, either silver trifluoroacetate or sodium trifluoroacetate |
Li, Y.J.; Hoskins, J.N.; Sreerama, S.G.; Grayson, M.A.; Grayson, S.M., The Identification of Synthetic Homopolymer End Groups and Verification of Their Transformations Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry, Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 45, 6, 2010, 587-611.
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Record 24 of 42
| Record #: | 46 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 1,4-Bis(5-phenyloxazol-2-yl)benzene (POPOP) (1806-34-4) |
| Salt: | silver(I) acetylacetonate |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran, methanol |
| Recipe | Prepare 0.2 M solution of matrix in chloroform, 4.5x10-3 M salt solution in chloroform and polymer solution in chloroform equivalent to 1x10-4 M for 10ku PS. Combine three solutions in ratio 5:1:1 matrix:salt:polymer (v/v/v). A fine tipped syringe that contains 1 µL of mixture is dragged across sample plate and solvent allowed to evaporate slowly. |
Danis, P.O.; Karr, D.E.; Xiong, Y.S.; Owens, K.G., Methods for the Analysis of Hydrocarbon Polymers by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/IonizationTime-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 10, 7, 1996, 862-868.
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0231(199605)10:7<862::AID-RCM578>3.0.CO;2-X
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Record 25 of 42
| Record #: | 18 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 2-(4-hydroxyphenylazo) benzoic acid (HABA) (1634-82-8) |
| Salt: | N/A |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | Probe tips were loaded with 100 pmol of polymer sample and 300 nmol of matrix. |
Montaudo, G.; Montaudo, M.S.; Puglisi, C.; Samperi, F., 2-(4-Hydroxyphenylazo)-Benzoic Acid: A Solid Matrix for Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization of Polystyrene, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 8, 12, 1994, 1011-1015.
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Record 26 of 42
| Record #: | 829 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | dithranol (1143-38-0) dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) (490-79-9) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA); or sodium iodide (NaI) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (matrices, analyte, AgTFA); or acetone (NaI) |
| Recipe | Samples were prepared by mixing 45 μL of 1,8,9-anthracenetriol or 2,5 dihydroxybenzoic acid (dithranol or DHB, respectively at 10 g·L−1 in THF) with 5 μL of polystyrene solution (at 10 g·L−1 in THF) and 5 μL of AgTFA or NaI (both at 10 g·L−1 in THF or acetone, respectively). Resulting mixtures (1 μL) were spotted on the MALDI sample plate, and air-dried. |
Ladaviere, C.; Lacroix-Desmazes, P.; Delolme, F., First Systematic MALDI/ESI Mass Spectrometry Comparison to Characterize Polystyrene Synthesized by Different Controlled Radical Polymerizations, Macromolecules, 42, 1, 2009, 70-84.
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Record 27 of 42
| Record #: | 1105 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | dithranol (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | Samples were prepared by mixing a THF solution a polymer (10 mg/mL), dithranol (10 mg/mL), and silver trifluoroacetate (5 mg/mL) in a ratio of 1:1:1. |
Nakamura, Y.; Kitada, Y.; Kobayashi, Y.; Ray, B.; Yamago, S., Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Azo Initiators on the Structure of Alpha-Polymer Chain Ends in Degenerative Chain-Transfer-Mediated Living Radical Polymerization Reactions, Macromolecules, 44, 21, 2011, 8388-8397.
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Record 28 of 42
| Record #: | 350 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | 1,8-dihydroxy-9(10H)-anthracenone (dithranol) (1143-38-0) 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) (490-79-9) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoracetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) and acetonitrile |
| Recipe | Samples were prepared by one of two methods, either deposited by dried droplet or electrosprayed onto a stainless steel target substrate. Approximately 0.3 to 0.5 µL of solution per sample site was placed on the target when samples were prepared by dried droplet. It was helpful to view the target through a stereo microscope (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburg, PA) while depositing the sample solution onto the target. Solution was delivered to the surface using a 5 µL glass capillary pipette (Drummond Scientific, Broomall, PA). Solvent was evaporated at room temperature in still air. No addi-tional measures were taken to speed up or slow the solvent evaporation. |
Hanton, S.D.; Hyder, I.Z.; Stets, J.R.; Owens, K.G.; Blair, W.R.; Guttman, C.M.; Giuseppetti, A.A., Investigations of Electrospray Sample Deposition for Polymer MALDI Mass Spectrometry, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 15, 2, 2004, 168.
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Record 29 of 42
| Record #: | 347 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | 1,8-dihydroxy-9(10H)-anthracenone (dithranol) (1143-38-0) 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) (490-79-9) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoracetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) and acetonitrile |
| Recipe | Samples were prepared by one of two methods, either deposited by dried droplet or electrosprayed onto a stainless steel target substrate. Approximately 0.3 to 0.5 µL of solution per sample site was placed on the target when samples were prepared by dried droplet. It was helpful to view the target through a stereo microscope (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburg, PA) while depositing the sample solution onto the target. Solution was delivered to the surface using a 5 µL glass capillary pipette (Drummond Scientific, Broomall, PA). Solvent was evaporated at room temperature in still air. No additional measures were taken to speed up or slow the solvent evaporation. |
Hanton, S.D.; Hyder, I.Z.; Stets, J.R.; Owens, K.G.; Blair, W.R.; Guttman, C.M.; Giuseppetti, A.A., Investigations of Electrospray Sample Deposition for Polymer MALDI Mass Spectrometry, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 15, 2, 2004, 168.
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Record 30 of 42
| Record #: | 351 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | dithranol (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoracetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | Solutions of dithranol (20 mg/mL), polymer (10 mg/mL), and silver trifluoroacetate (10 mg/mL) were made in THF. These solutions were mixed in the ratios of matrix:cationizing salt:polymer (10:1:2), and 0.5 µL was deposited on the sample holder. |
Quirk, R.P.; Hasegawa, H.; Gomochak, D.L.; Wesdemiotis, C.; Wollyung, K., Functionalization of Poly(Styryl)Lithium with Styrene Oxide, Macromolecules, 37, 19, 2004, 7146.
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Record 31 of 42
| Record #: | 6 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 2-Nitrophenyl octyl ether (37682-29-4) |
| Salt: | silver(I) trifluoroacetate |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | Solutions were prepared of dithranol matrix (20 mg/mL) and saturated CuCl in THF. The polymer solution (5-10 mg/mL) as mixed in a 10:1:1 (v/v) ratio (matrix/analyte/cationization agent) A volume of 0.5 - 1 μL of the mixed solution was deposited onto the sample plate (stainless steel) and allowed to air dry. |
Bahr, U.; Deppe, A.; Karas, M.; Hillenkamp, F.; Giessmann, U., Mass Spectrometry of Synthetic Polymers by UV-Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization, Analytical Chemistry, 64, 22, 1992, 2866-2869.
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Record 32 of 42
| Record #: | 47 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | 1,8,9-Anthracenetriol (dithranol) (1143-38-0) 9-nitroanthracene (602-60-8) |
| Salt: | silver(I) trifluoroacetate |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran |
| Recipe | The analyte, matrix and cationizing salt were mixed in a ball mill in the solid state with total exclusion of solvents. Mixing of the powders was performed using a ball mill MM2000 (F.Kurt Retsch GmbH & Co. KG, Hann, Germany). Analyte and matrix were mixed initially in a molar ratio 1:50. Appropriate cationizing salts were added to the analyte/matrix mixture in a molar analyte/salt ratio of 1:10 also without solvents. The sample/matrix/salt mixture (1:50:10) was ground for 10 min at room temperature. The matrix dilution was carried out by adding matrix to the prepared sample/matrix/salt mixtures and then was further milled for 10 min at room temperature to produce a MALDI-MS powder mixture of 1:500:10 |
Martin, K.; Spickermann, J.; Rader, H.J.; Mullen, K., Why Does Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Give Incorrect Results for Broad Polymer Distributions?, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 10, 12, 1996, 1471-1474.
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0231(199609)10:12<1471::AID-RCM693>3.0.CO;2-X
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Record 33 of 42
| Record #: | 349 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | dithranol (1143-38-0) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoracetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | The matrix and cation used were dithranol and silver, respectively. The polymer samples (0.01M in THF) were mixed with 0.05M (in THF) dithranol and 0.1M silver trifloroacetate (in THF). The final solution was a 10:10:1 (v/v) polymer/dithranol/silver salt mixture. This matrix/cation combination has been used extensively for polystyrene.[35][36] |
Campbell, J.D.; Allaway, J.A.; Teymour, F.; Morbidelli, M., High-Temperature Polymerization of Styrene: Mechanism Determination with Preparative Gel Permeation Chromatography, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 94, 3, 2004, 890-908.
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Record 34 of 42
| Record #: | 230 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | trans-2-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenylidene]malononitrile (2-[(2E)-3-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)-2-methylprop-2-enylidene]malononitrile (DCTB)) (300364-84-5) |
| Salt: | sodium trifluoracetate (NaTFA) and silver trifluoracetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | The matrix is trans-2-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenylidene]malononitrile (DCTB), which was synthesized according to literature procedures. Sodium trifluoroacetate (Aldrich, 98%) and silver trifluoroacetate (Aldrich, 98%) were added to pMMA and pSt, respectively, as cationization agents. The matrix was dissolved in THF at a concentration of 40 mg mL-1. Salt was added to THF at typical concentrations of 1 mg mL-1. Polymer was dissolved in THF at approximately 1 mg mL-1. In a typical MALDI-ToF-MS analysis the matrix, salt and polymer solution were premixed in a ratio of 10:1:5. The premixed solutions were handspotted on the target well and left to dry. |
Willemse, R.X.E.; Staal, B.B.P.; van Herk, A.M.; Pierik, S.C.J.; Klumperman, B., Application of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry in Pulsed Laser Polymerization. Chain-Length-Dependent Propagation Rate Coefficients at High Molecular Weight: an Artifact Caused by Band Broadening in Size Exclusion Chromatography?, Macromolecules, 36, 26, 2003, 9797.
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Record 35 of 42
| Record #: | 1106 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 2-[(2E)-3-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)-2-methylprop-2-enylidene]malononitrile (DCTB) (300364-84-5) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoracetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | toluene (analyte), tetrahydrofuran (matrix, salt), spin coating sample preparation |
| Recipe | The polymer solution (PS, 10 mg/mL in toluene) was mixed with the matrix solution (DCTB, 30 mg/mL in THF) and the salt solution (AgTFA, 100 mg/mL in THF) in a volume ratio of 1:3:1 (v/v/v). A volume of 100 μL of this mixture was spin-coated onto an indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass slide at 2000 rpm for 30 s using a standard spin-coater. The thickness of the resulting polymer films was in the nm range (100–200 nm). |
Crecelius, A.C.; Alexandrov, T.; Schubert, U.S., Application of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometric Imaging to Monitor Surface Changes of UV-Irradiated Poly(Styrene) Films, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 25, 19, 2011, 2809-2814.
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Record 36 of 42
| Record #: | 712 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | all-trans retinoic acid (302-79-4) |
| Salt: | AgNO3 |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (dry; distilled over sodium metal); methanol (for AgNO3) |
| Recipe | The polystyrene samples that resulted in the best signal were prepared by combining 0.15 M all-trans retinoic acid matrix, near saturated solutions of polymers in dry THF and 1% by volume of a saturated solution of silver itrate in absolute ethanol. The optimal concentration of the polymer in the resultant solution was determined experimentally in each case and was varied between a few nM to 1 M depending on the Mn of the polymer (note: the polymer concentrations were calculated assuming that all of the polymer’s molecules are of one single molecular weight equal to Mn). A 0.5–1.5 L aliquot was then deposited on to the stainless steel MALDI plate and llowed to air dry. For the solvent-free sample preparation, a small pellet of polystyrene was combined with the matrix in 10:1 to 1000:1 matrix-to-analyte ratio and 1% by mass of silver nitrate and pulverized in a mill that consisted of a stainless steel plunger inside a plastic vial. The dry mixture was then pressed onto a MALDI plate with a spatula for MALDI analysis. |
Aksenov, A.A.; Bier, M.E., The Analysis of Polystyrene and Polystyrene Aggregates Into the Mega Dalton Mass Range by Cryodetection MALDI Tof Ms, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 19, 2, 2008, 219-230.
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Record 37 of 42
| Record #: | 996 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 1,8,9-anthracenetriol (480-22-8) |
| Salt: | sodium trifluoroacetate (NaTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | The polystyrene samples were prepared by mixing of a 20 μL of a 1 mM THF solution of the polymer with 20 μL of 11.3mM THF solution of the matrix, 1, 8, 9-Anthracenetriol and 0.20 μL of a 15 mM THF solution of the counter ion source sodium trifluoroacetate. |
Li, Y.J.; Hoskins, J.N.; Sreerama, S.G.; Grayson, S.M., MALDI-TOF Mass Spectral Characterization of Polymers Containing an Azide Group: Evidence of Metastable Ions, Macromolecules, 43, 14, 2010, 6225-6228.
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Record 38 of 42
| Record #: | 1103 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 2-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenyliden]malononitrile (DCTB) (300364-84-5) |
| Salt: | potassium trifluoroacetate (KTFA), siler trifluoroacetate (AgTFA), copper trifluoroacetate (CuTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | The samples were prepared by mixing a solution of matrix (40 mg · mL−1 in THF), sample (10 mg · mL−1 in THF), and salt (10 mg · mL−1 in THF) in a ratio of 10/1/1. The dried-droplet method was used to spot 1 µL solution on a metal target. All results presented here were measured using 2-[3-(4-tert.-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenyliden]malononitrile (DCTB) as the matrix. As salt additives, the trifluoracetates of potassium (KTFA), silver (AgTFA), and copper (CuTFA) were used. |
Strube, O.I.; Nothdurft, L.; Drache, M.; Schmidt-Naake, G., A Novel Bifunctional Trithiocarbonate for Styrene and Methacrylate Raft Polymerization, Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 212, 6, 2011, 574-582.
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Record 39 of 42
| Record #: | 710 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) (490-79-9) α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) (28166-41-8) ferulic acid (FA) (1135-24-6) indole acrylic acid (IAA) (1204-06-4) dithranol (1143-38-0) diphenyl butadiene (DPBD) [Note: No CAS] |
| Salt: | sodium trifluoroacetate (NaTFA) or silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | none (solvent-free) |
| Recipe | The vortex method involves adding the dry components of the analyte (about 0.1– 0.2 mg), matrix (20–40 mg), and cationization agent (trace to 0.1 mg) to a small glass vial. We typically add the analyte first, followed by the matrix and then the cationization agent, but there is no clear reason why the order of addition would matter to these experiments. Two BBs (premium grade, 4.5 mm Zn plated, ultra smooth, steel air gun shot [manufacture's name given] are then added to the vial. The contents in the vial are mixed on a vortex mixer for 60 s. A small spatula is used to remove a few grains of the mixed sample from the vial and transfer a few grains to the MALDI target. Using the flat edge of the spatula, and moderate pressure, we flatten the grains of material on the target in a circular pattern. This process requires only a few rotations and creates a thin film about 2–3 mm in diameter. Once a thin film is observed on the target, sufficient material is present for the MALDI experiment. Any extra material is removed from the target by gently tapping the target on the benchtop. Apparently the majority of the material originally transferred to the target is removed during tapping. A minority of the material forms the thin film for further analysis. |
Hanton, S.D.; McEvoy, T.M.; Stets, J.R., Imaging the Morphology of Solvent-Free Prepared MALDI Samples, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 19, 6, 2008, 874-881.
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Record 40 of 42
| Record #: | 1104 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | 2-[(2E)-3-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)-2-methylprop-2-enylidene]malononitrile (2-[(2E)-3-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)-2-methylprop-2-enylidene]malononitrile (DCTB)) (300364-84-5) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | chloroform (matrx, analyte), methanol/chloroform (salt) |
| Recipe | Trans-2-[3-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenylidene]malononitrile (DCTB, Aldrich, >99%) served as matrix and was prepared in CHCl3 at concentration of 20 mg/mL. Silver trifluoroacetate served as cationizing agent and was prepared in MeOH/CHCl3 (v/v = 1/3) at concentrations of 5 mg/mL. All the thiol–ene functionalized anionic polystyrenes were dissolved in CH3Cl for future MALDI-TOF mass evaluations. The matrix and AgTFA were mixed with the ratio of 10/1 (v/v). The sample preparation involved depositing 0.5 μL of matrix and salt mixture on the wells of a 384-well ground-steel plate, allowing the spots to dry, depositing 0.5 μL of each sample on a spot of dry matrix, and adding another 0.5 μL of matrix and salt mixture on top of the dry sample (sandwich method). |
Li, Y.W.; Zhang, W.B.; Janoski, J.E.; Li, X.P.; Dong, X.H.; Wesdemiotis, C.; Quirk, R.P.; Cheng, S.Z.D., Anionic Synthesis of Mono- and Heterotelechelic Polystyrenes via Thiol-Ene "Click" Chemistry and Hydrosilylation, Macromolecules, 44, 9, 2011, 3328-3337.
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Record 41 of 42
| Record #: | 561 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrix: | trans-2-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenylidene]malononitrile (DCTB) (300364-84-5) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | Trans-2-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenylidene]malononitrile (DCTB). The matrix was dissolved at a concentration of 40 mg · mL−1 in THF, the polymer and silver trifluoroacetate . These three solutions were mixed in the ratio 10:5:1. The second matrix all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) was dissolved in THF (46 mg · mL−1) and mixed with the polystyrene standards dissolved in THF (1 mg · mL−1) and a saturated ethanolic solution of AgNO3 in the same ratio. |
Schnoell-Bitai, I.; Hrebicek, T.; Rizzi, A., Towards a Quantitative Interpretation of Polymer Distributions from MALDI-TOF Spectra, Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 208, 5, 2007, 485-495.
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Record 42 of 42
| Record #: | 995 |
| Class ID: | 2.26 |
| Class Name: | styrene polymer |
| Polymer: | polystyrene |
| Matrices: | dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) (27138-57-4) trans-2-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenylidene]malononitrile (DCTB) (300364-84-5) |
| Salt: | silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) |
| Solvent: | tetrahydrofuran (THF) |
| Recipe | Two procedures were used for the sample preparation. A solid deposition was used for macroalkoxyamine PS-SG1 and PS-TEMPO whereas a liquid deposition was used for the functionalized polystyrene. The solid deposition consists in the milling of the sample (1−2 mg) with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid DHB (8−9 mg) followed by a deposition of the powder onto the sample target. In the case of liquid deposition, the polystyrene solutions (11.6 g L−1) were prepared in THF. The matrix trans-2-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenylidene]malononitrile (DCTB) was also dissolved in THF (10 g L−1). The polystyrene solution (2 μL) was mixed with 70 μL of the matrix solution. 1 μL of a silver trifluoroacetate solution (10.4 g L−1 in THF) was then added to favor ionization by cation attachment |
Guillaneuf, Y.; Dufils, P.E.; Autissier, L.; Rollet, M.; Gigmes, D.; Bertin, D., Radical Chain End Chemical Transformation of SG1-Based Polystyrenes, Macromolecules, 43, 1, 2010, 91-100.
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